Dispersant is a kind of surfactant with opposite properties of lipophilicity and hydrophilicity. It can uniformly disperse the solid and liquid particles of inorganic and organic pigments that are difficult to dissolve in liquid. At the same time, it can also prevent the sedimentation and condensation of particles and form amphiphilic reagents required for stable suspension. It is widely used in dyes, pigments, ceramics, cement and other fields.